Tracing footsteps of history in Chardavol of Ilam Province
Archaeological studies and cultural evidence indicate that humans inhabited Chardavol in Ilam Province during the prehistoric period, according to a faculty member of the Islamic Azad University of Ilam.
Habibollah Mahmoudian told ISNA that Chardavol is situated in the northeastern mountainous region of Ilam Province, characterized by relatively high mountains such as Qalajeh and Khormeh in the northeast, as well as Bankol Mountain, whose peak, Manesht, rises over 3,000 meters above sea level, forming the western heights of the area. Chardavol has had settlements since ancient times, influenced by these geographical conditions, and numerous remains from various historical periods can be found in the region.
He emphasized that the presence of numerous caves and rock shelters on the slopes and heights, including the prehistoric Holeylan and Zardalan caves, archaeological sites, and cliff shelters along the historical Seymareh River, along with dozens of ancient sites and mounds throughout the county, underscores the archaeological significance of the area in the western Zagros.
The faculty member further explained that remnants from settled locations, including ancient mounds, cemeteries, and historical buildings, indicate that the intermountain plains of Chardavol, Aseman Abad, Holeylan, and the banks of the Seymareh River have been inhabited from the Bronze Age and Iron Age through historical times.
Mahmoudian elaborated that the area’s favorable geographical conditions — particularly its water resources, forest and pasture coverage, and other natural benefits — have ensured the continuity of settlement. Numerous ancient sites and historical buildings remain in this region, highlighting its rich historical depth.
The archaeologist noted significant features of the area, such as the ancient bridge in Bijnavand village, Khormeh Mountain, and several kilometers of its wall, along with numerous remains found in the Zanjireh and Shabab regions.
He added that historical documents reveal Chardavol’s importance during the historical period, owing to its strategic position on the Shahi Road (the ancient highway) that connected Persepolis and Shush to the western Zagros Mountain regions and present-day northern Iraq, extending to Sardis, the capital of the Lydian Empire, as well as its connections to the cities of Seymareh, Sirvan, and present-day Ilam.
The faculty member stated that, from one perspective, the Khavaran Road — connecting Central Asia and the central plateau of Iran to Mesopotamia and the regions of North Africa — extended from the western areas of this county. The historical events of Chardavol during the early Islamic centuries are also intertwined with the histories of other regions in the province.
Today, Chardavol is recognized as one of the cities in Ilam Province, holding a significant position in terms of history, economy, and tourism.
Ilam Province itself has a rich and diverse history, influenced by various civilizations over the centuries. It has been home to numerous ethnic groups, each contributing to the cultural tapestry of the region. The province is characterized by its unique geographical features, including mountains, valleys, and rivers, which have played a crucial role in shaping its historical development.
Throughout history, Ilam has served as a crossroads for trade and cultural exchange, linking the Iranian plateau with neighboring regions. Its archaeological sites, ancient ruins, and historical landmarks attract researchers and tourists alike, offering insights into the rich heritage of the area. The province’s natural beauty, combined with its historical significance, makes it an important destination for those interested in exploring Iran’s past and present.