Splendid design of Aminoddole Caravanserai in Kashan Bazaar
Kashan, a city in Isfahan Province, is renowned for its rich history and stunning architecture, with the Bazaar of Kashan standing out as one of its most significant attractions. The vibrant bazaar is not only a commercial hub but also a cultural landmark that reflects the intricate craftsmanship and architectural beauty of the region.
At the heart of the bazaar lies the Aminoddole Caravanserai, known also as Aminoddole Timcheh, strategically located at the intersection of Baba Afzal Street and Kamal al-Molk Square. This remarkable structure enhances the historical significance of the Kashan Bazaar. The term tim refers to a caravanserai, while timcheh denotes a smaller version of these lodgings. In contemporary usage, timcheh often refers to small, covered lodges that served traders and travelers alike.
The bazaar has a storied past, having suffered destruction from an earthquake in the 19th century CE. It was subsequently rebuilt during the Qajar period by the esteemed Farrokh Khan Ghafari, known as Aminoddole.
The construction of the timcheh, which was completed between 1863 and 1867 and designed by the architect Ali Marayam Kashani, represents one of the notable additions to the bazaar, showcasing the architectural prowess of the time.
French traveler Madame Dieulafoy, who extensively documented her journeys through Iran in the late 19th century, provided insightful observations about the bazaars and caravanserais. She described the vastness of the Bazaar of Kashan, noting its roof adorned with interconnected domes and several caravanserais that served as warehouses for merchants. These structures, distinct from those used for travelers, are characterized by their luxurious and ornate designs.
Among these, the Aminoddole Timcheh stands out for its architectural elegance. Resembling a square-based prism, it features entrance doors on both sides and is constructed entirely of brick, creating a striking visual effect. The three large openings in the ceiling allow natural light to flood the space, enhancing its grandeur. This significant building not only showcases the commercial importance of Kashan but also exemplifies the prosperity of the city through its valuable merchandise.
The timcheh consists of three elevated, roofed levels, making it an impressive structure in terms of both width and length. Its captivating beauty is complemented by remarkable precision in stability and layout, with no visible cracks or fissures in its foundation even after a century. The ceiling is adorned with stunning muqarnas crafted from brick and tile, showcasing traditional Iranian arching. The absence of a structural framework allowed for a Roman-style covering, elevating the ceiling height and enhancing the overall aesthetic.
Access to the Aminoddole Timcheh is through two large wooden doors, one leading to a small octagonal courtyard and the other to a larger rectangular courtyard to the south. Together, these courtyards create a harmonious architectural masterpiece, regarded as one of the finest examples of Iranian architecture from the second half of the 13th century of the Islamic calendar.
In summary, the Bazaar of Kashan and the Aminoddole Timcheh represent not only the commercial heart of the city but also its rich cultural heritage. Visitors to Kashan are treated to a glimpse of its historical significance, architectural beauty, and the vibrant life that continues to thrive within its walls.