Biodiversity and cultural riches of Parvar Protected Area in Semnan Province
Parvar Protected Area, located about 35 kilometers north of Mahdishahr (Sangsar) in Semnan Province, is a significant part of the region’s conservation efforts. It encompasses the vast Aras and Hirkan forests, showcasing the diverse natural wonders of the area. With a perennial river originating from Mount Nizva beyond its borders, Parvar Protected Area serves as a sanctuary for a wide range of flora and fauna, blending various climatic zones seamlessly.
Despite its size, Parvar is rich in natural resources, boasting a diverse landscape of expansive plains surrounded by lush mountainous terrain. The protected area consists of three distinct conservation zones: Sidua, an open plain; Roudbarak, a forested area; and Sartange, known for its striking tall rocks and narrow passages. Its proximity to the Boland Protected Area, Doudange Wildlife Sanctuary, and Kiasar National Park underscores the importance of Parvar’s ecosystem within the country. Parvar benefits from a semi-arid to cool temperate climate, with elevations ranging from 1,190 to 3,300 meters, fostering a remarkable biodiversity within its plains and mountains.
Ecological diversity
Parvar Protected Area features three climatic zones that contribute to its ecological diversity. The forested regions boast lush greenery, providing a home to a variety of plant and animal species. The mountainous terrain offers rugged beauty and unique wildlife encounters, while the semi-desert area showcases a stark yet beautiful landscape where resilient species thrive.
Faunal diversity
Within Parvar Protected Area, there are 39 mammal species spread across 35 genera, classified into 14 families within five orders. This area plays a crucial role in the conservation of wildlife, as it accommodates six out of the seven mammal orders found in arid regions, representing a significant portion of the country’s mammalian species. Notable species include Maral deer, wild goat and Ibex, Persian leopard, brown bear, lynx, and various others, contributing to the area’s rich biodiversity.
Maral deer
The Maral deer, or Persian red deer, is a captivating species found in Parvar. Spotting one can be challenging, and the locals refer to it as Gav or Gavkoohi.
Wild goat
The wild goat and ibex, known as “Pazan,” add to the allure of the area, often visible near the roads during the day.
Avian and reptilian life
Parvar also serves as a haven for diverse bird species such as the black partridge, eagles, pheasant, and various reptiles like snakes, Persian toads, and geckos. Notable reptiles include the Jafari Snake, known for its defensive mechanism, and the Persian Horned Viper, the largest venomous snake in southwestern Asia.
Cultural and
water resources
Apart from its natural beauty, Parvar is steeped in cultural heritage, with charming villages offering insights into local traditions. The area boasts essential water sources, including rivers, springs, and aquifers like the Sefidroud River, Roudbarak Spring, and Marno Waterfall, adding to its allure.