Historical significance of Shahrestan Bridge in Isfahan
The city of Isfahan, the capital of Isfahan Province in central Iran, boasts numerous attributes that justify its status as one of Iran’s most visited cities. It is renowned as one of the best places to explore the grandeur of Persian history, architecture, and culture. In addition to the breathtaking beauty of Naqsh-e Jahan Square, Isfahan is famous for its stunning bridges. Eleven bridges span the Zayandeh Rud, a 400-kilometer river flowing from the Zagros Mountains to southern Isfahan, providing life to the city and its surrounding villages.
Among the most famous bridges such as Si-o-Se Pol and Khaju Bridge, Shahrestan Bridge also holds significant historical importance. The oldest among the eleven, this bridge was constructed during the Sassanid Empire, making it approximately 14 centuries old. Although Zayandeh Rud no longer passes under the bridge due to re-direction, an artificial lake surrounds it, protecting the ancient structure from potential damage.
Shahrestan Bridge, also known as the City Bridge, is situated in the eastern part of Isfahan. In ancient times, the city was referred to as “Jay,” leading to the bridge’s previous name “Jay Bridge”. Its foundation dates back to the Sassanid Empire, which ruled over Persia from the 3rd to the 7th century. This bridge was the first to be constructed over the Zayandeh Rud and remains the only historical bridge in Isfahan built before the Safavid era. Throughout history, it served as a vital passage for caravans and pedestrians commuting between Isfahan and the southern villages.
The architectural style of Shahrestan Bridge reflects the Sassanid era, distinct from the Safavid influences seen in most historical sites in Isfahan. The bridge’s design, with a length of 107.8 meters and an average width of 5.2 meters, incorporates a two-level structure, with 13 arches on the bottom and eight on the top level. The bridge’s foundation, consisting of 12 large stone foundations and 11 waterspouts, were directly laid on the natural stones of the riverbed.
Notably, the bridge features two parabolic structures to enhance stability and resistance to river flow. The vertical parabolic structure elevates the middle point of the bridge to alleviate pressure from passing caravans, while the horizontal parabolic structure creates a bend to increase resistance to the river current. Additionally, hollow structures called “Kaneh” were strategically integrated to reduce the weight of the bridge and bolster its resilience, particularly during floods.
Despite being less renowned than Si-o Se Pol and Khaju Bridge, Shahrestan Bridge holds immense historical significance and was inscribed on Iran’s National Heritage List in 1970. Visitors can explore this ancient marvel free of charge. While located in the southeastern part of Isfahan, away from the historical city center, the bridge is easily accessible by taxi or nearby bus stations.
Although the southeastern location may not be the most convenient for short-term accommodation, the bridge’s proximity to historical and archaeological sites, such as Al-Rashid Mausoleum, Ashraf Historical Hill, and Mehrbin Fortress offers additional cultural exploration opportunities. Moreover, its close proximity to the historical center and Naqsh-e Jahan Square, reachable in about 15 minutes by taxi, makes it a worthwhile destination for visitors seeking a deeper understanding of Isfahan’s rich history and heritage.